How xPeerd Works
xPeerd is a rule-bound zero-shot simulation system designed to simulate scholarly peer-review. Think of it not as a meticulous expert that provides a stable, transparent, and evidence-based simulations for how scientific papers would perform in peer-review. Its goal is to bring consistency and accountability to the peer-review process.
Core Logic
xPeerd analyzes manuscripts via a structured, multi-step process. It is deterministic, ensuring stable, rule-bound evaluations, mitigating randomness common in generative AI.
1
Deconstructing the Manuscript
xPeerd deconstructs the manuscript into fundamental components: Claims (C), Evidence (E), and Pages (P). This creates a structured, traceable map of the paper.
2
Building an Argument Map
xPeerd builds an "argumentation framework," mapping propositions and their logical relationships (support/attack). This evaluates the manuscript's logical consistency and coherence.
3
Calculating Key Scores
xPeerd calculates two key scores:
- Integrity Risk Score (rf): Detects heuristic signs of fabrication, data anomalies, or inconsistencies.
- Manuscript Quality Score (S(M)): An overall grade based on Coherence, Evidential Fit, and Methodological Validity.
4
Making the Final Decision
xPeerd combines scores to recommend: Reject, Accept, or Revise, based on pre-defined rules. All review points are tied to specific pages in the manuscript, known as "page-anchoring".
A Visual Map of the xPeerd Simulation
The diagram below illustrates the complete computational workflow of xPeerd, from breaking down the manuscript to reaching a final, evidence-based decision.
The Mathematical Model, Explained Simply
While the maths behind xPeerd is complex, the core ideas are straightforward. Here are the key formulas that power its logic and what they mean in plain English.
What it means: "A manuscript (M) is defined as a collection of Claims (C), Evidence (E), and Pages (P)." This is the initial step of breaking the paper into its basic, traceable parts.
What it means: "An argument graph (G) consists of a set of page-anchored propositions (A) and the attack relations (R) between them." This is the system creating that "evidence board" to map out the paper's logical structure.
What it means: "The integrity fraud risk (rf) is the probability of a fabrication hypothesis (h=1) given the evidence (E)." This is the "red flag detector" score.
What it means: "The overall manuscript score (S(M)) is a weighted sum of its Coherence, Evidential Fit, and Methodological Validity." This is the final "quality grade" for the research.
Why You Can Trust xPeerd: The Evidence
xPeerd's reliability, demonstrated by 352 peer-review simulation reports, confirms its value as a stable and trustworthy benchmarking instrument.
Consistent and Predictable
xPeerd's deterministic, rule-bound architecture ensures consistent and reproducible evaluations for the same manuscript, mitigating generative AI randomness.
Decisions Mirror Reality
xPeerd's judgments align with academic journals: 'Revise' is the most common outcome (>50%), rejection rates adapt to fields (up to 45% in Health Sciences), and outright 'Accept' decisions are rare.
Grounded in Evidence
Strictly enforcing its "page-anchoring" rule, xPeerd consistently ties feedback to specific textual evidence, maintaining a stable 29% compliance rate across all scientific domains.
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